Media Evolution, and challenges since 1986 NRM inception.
 By Balaba Asuman   
Since colonialism and post independent period, Journalism was muzzled due to prevailing conditions like press censorship 1915, and newspaper surety ordinance 1910, which culminated into banning, intimidation, imprisonment and harassment by colonialist and the same to post independent governments of IDI Amin, Obote I and II.
   
This was accompanied with lack of qualification due to absence of training institutions, absence of arm of journalist or body strengthening activities of journalist, as well as checking their operating principles. The level of economic development was low and the adequate technology in printing and broadcast media was least developed as well the
capital to purchase equipment wasnt accessed by the media house unless the government or foreign proprietors.
    
      
But by 1986 to date, journalism has been recognized and is adequate to brand this period the golden era of journalism because of the following factors political, economic, social, cultural and technological advancement as discussed below.
   
Politically, the coming to power of the NRM government under president Y.K.Museveni created enabling editorial independence in the public media.
   
News papers and Electronic media Radio and Uganda TV as well as Newvision, Etop, orumuri and Bukedde run events criticizing the government without being banned/ harassed or hosting opposition group on radios and discuss their way forward. This situation wasn’t tolerated by the past regime like the colonialist imprisoned and fined Bassude editor of Sekanyolya and Yusufu Bamutta editor of Dobozi lya Buganda and others for criticizing their government through publications.
   
 Also the voice of Uganda (The voice of Amin) publication unquestionably printed Amins and government personnel views as well as misinforming the public. The paper was mainly a propaganda instrument for Amin oppressive government. Other papers that existed did not dare to criticize the government and has to go with the official version for fear of intimidation and death.
   
The same to Obote I and II regime, when Munnansi and the start journalist were detained or paid fine of 50-75 per issue for running an article on military massacre, corruption within the officials or criticizing the government misrule.
   
Although there is editorial independence in public print and electronic media, it’s mostly determined by the officials. For example in 2001 during the presidential elections, more are time and space Museveni event coverage was secured than dr. Kiiza Besigye in new vision, radio Uganda and the uganda broadcasting corporation (UBC TV) and they publicized were Besigye was not fairing well.
   
 There is access to print and elctronic media news and information services within the country and outside. Media houses in uganda run artcles about the public views on the government. New vision, daily monitor, radio stations and televisions access news from international news agencies like AP, AFP, and Reuters, CHINA news agency among others in their day to day informing, educating, entertaining and interpreting events.

In conclusion, the 1986 to date enabled the evolution of the media with the provision of laws, established institutions and universities to train journalist, generated revenue from liberalized economies among others, but still the government in the process to instill democracy, there should be a free space for freedom of expression, press and speech to enable journalist and the media participate in its formation and promotion.